Inspection and GD&T

Sine bar calculator

Stack height H = L x sin(angle); 30° on a 5 in sine bar is a 2.5000 in stack.

Technical review pending. Formulas and values are cited. This notice comes down after a machinist review.

°

Decimal degrees, or whole degrees with minutes and seconds below.

'
"

Stack height

2.5000 in

H = L x sin(A) = 5 x sin(30°) = 2.5000 in

2.5000 in (63.500 mm). Angle 30° 0' 0".

The gage block stack calculator builds 2.5000 in from the 81-piece inch set.

Source: Machinery's Handbook (sine bar)

How it works

H = L x sin(A); A = asin(H / L)

Symbol key
SymbolMeaningUnit
HGage block stack height under the raised rollin or mm
LSine bar length, center to center of the rollsin or mm
AAngle of the bar top to the surface plate°

Inch stacks show 4 places; metric stacks show 0.001 mm. Angles show 4 decimal places and D-M-S to 1 second.

Worked example: 30° on a 5 in bar

Set a 5 in sine bar to 30°.

  1. sin(30°) = 0.50000.
  2. H = 5 x 0.50000 = 2.5000 in.
  3. Build it from 0.500 in + 2.000 in blocks.

Result: 2.5000 in (63.500 mm) stack, two blocks.

Worked example: 12° on a 5 in bar

Set a 5 in sine bar to 12°.

  1. sin(12°) = 0.20791.
  2. H = 5 x 0.20791 = 1.0396 in.
  3. Build it from 0.1006 in + 0.139 in + 0.800 in blocks.

Result: 1.0396 in (26.405 mm) stack, three blocks.

Worked example: angle from a stack

A 1.2500 in stack sits under a 5 in sine bar.

  1. H / L = 1.2500 / 5 = 0.2500.
  2. A = asin(0.2500) = 14.4775°.
  3. 0.4775° x 60 = 28.65 min, so 28 min; 0.65 x 60 = 39 sec.

Result: 14.4775° (14° 28' 39").

Which bar length

A 5 in bar handles small parts and small angles. A 10 in bar gives better angular resolution: the same stack error moves the angle half as much. Metric bars come in 100 mm and 200 mm on the same logic; 15° on a 100 mm bar is a 25.882 mm stack.

Shop notes

  • Sine error grows at steep angles. Rule of thumb: above about 45°, set the complement and turn the part if the setup allows.
  • Wring clean blocks and let them reach room temperature before you trust the stack.
  • L is the distance between roll centers, not the overall length of the bar.
  • Angles from a drawing in degrees, minutes and seconds convert to decimal degrees with the degree converter, or enter the minutes and seconds above.

FAQ

What is the gage block stack for a given angle on a 5 in sine bar?

H = 5 x sin(angle). For 12° that is 5 x 0.20791 = 1.0396 in; for 30° it is 2.5000 in.

5 in or 10 in sine bar?

A 10 in bar gives finer angle resolution, because the same stack error is spread over twice the length. A 5 in bar suits small parts and small setups. The same 30° takes a 5.0000 in stack on a 10 in bar.

What stack do you need for 15° on a 100 mm sine bar?

25.882 mm: 100 x sin(15°) = 100 x 0.25882.

How do you find the angle from a stack you already have?

A = asin(H / L). A 1.2500 in stack under a 5 in bar gives asin(0.2500) = 14.4775°, or 14° 28' 39".

Is a single gage block worth it for a home shop?

A single calibrated block checks micrometers. A full set is for building sine bar and height setups.

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